Photoelectrons are collected at the cathode, which is kept at a lower potential with respect to the anode. We call this electrode the photoelectrode. The target material serves as the anode, which becomes the emitter of photoelectrons when it is illuminated by monochromatic radiation. The experimental setup to study the photoelectric effect is shown schematically in (Figure). Electrons that are emitted in this process are called photoelectrons. This phenomenon is known as the photoelectric effect. When a metal surface is exposed to a monochromatic electromagnetic wave of sufficiently short wavelength (or equivalently, above a threshold frequency), the incident radiation is absorbed and the exposed surface emits electrons.
Describe how Einstein’s idea of a particle of radiation explains the photoelectric effect.Explain why the photoelectric effect cannot be explained by classical physics.
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